from .basic import Basic
from .sorting import ordered
from .sympify import sympify
from sympy.utilities.iterables import iterable



def iterargs(expr):
    """Yield the args of a Basic object in a breadth-first traversal.
    Depth-traversal stops if `arg.args` is either empty or is not
    an iterable.

    Examples
    ========

    >>> from sympy import Integral, Function
    >>> from sympy.abc import x
    >>> f = Function('f')
    >>> from sympy.core.traversal import iterargs
    >>> list(iterargs(Integral(f(x), (f(x), 1))))
    [Integral(f(x), (f(x), 1)), f(x), (f(x), 1), x, f(x), 1, x]

    See Also
    ========
    iterfreeargs, preorder_traversal
    """
    args = [expr]
    for i in args:
        yield i
        try:
            args.extend(i.args)
        except TypeError:
            pass  # for cases like f being an arg


def iterfreeargs(expr, _first=True):
    """Yield the args of a Basic object in a breadth-first traversal.
    Depth-traversal stops if `arg.args` is either empty or is not
    an iterable. The bound objects of an expression will be returned
    as canonical variables.

    Examples
    ========

    >>> from sympy import Integral, Function
    >>> from sympy.abc import x
    >>> f = Function('f')
    >>> from sympy.core.traversal import iterfreeargs
    >>> list(iterfreeargs(Integral(f(x), (f(x), 1))))
    [Integral(f(x), (f(x), 1)), 1]

    See Also
    ========
    iterargs, preorder_traversal
    """
    args = [expr]
    for i in args:
        yield i
        if _first and hasattr(i, 'bound_symbols'):
            void = i.canonical_variables.values()
            for i in iterfreeargs(i.as_dummy(), _first=False):
                if not i.has(*void):
                    yield i
        try:
            args.extend(i.args)
        except TypeError:
            pass  # for cases like f being an arg


class preorder_traversal:
    """
    Do a pre-order traversal of a tree.

    This iterator recursively yields nodes that it has visited in a pre-order
    fashion. That is, it yields the current node then descends through the
    tree breadth-first to yield all of a node's children's pre-order
    traversal.


    For an expression, the order of the traversal depends on the order of
    .args, which in many cases can be arbitrary.

    Parameters
    ==========
    node : SymPy expression
        The expression to traverse.
    keys : (default None) sort key(s)
        The key(s) used to sort args of Basic objects. When None, args of Basic
        objects are processed in arbitrary order. If key is defined, it will
        be passed along to ordered() as the only key(s) to use to sort the
        arguments; if ``key`` is simply True then the default keys of ordered
        will be used.

    Yields
    ======
    subtree : SymPy expression
        All of the subtrees in the tree.

    Examples
    ========

    >>> from sympy import preorder_traversal, symbols
    >>> x, y, z = symbols('x y z')

    The nodes are returned in the order that they are encountered unless key
    is given; simply passing key=True will guarantee that the traversal is
    unique.

    >>> list(preorder_traversal((x + y)*z, keys=None)) # doctest: +SKIP
    [z*(x + y), z, x + y, y, x]
    >>> list(preorder_traversal((x + y)*z, keys=True))
    [z*(x + y), z, x + y, x, y]

    """
    def __init__(self, node, keys=None):
        self._skip_flag = False
        self._pt = self._preorder_traversal(node, keys)

    def _preorder_traversal(self, node, keys):
        yield node
        if self._skip_flag:
            self._skip_flag = False
            return
        if isinstance(node, Basic):
            if not keys and hasattr(node, '_argset'):
                # LatticeOp keeps args as a set. We should use this if we
                # don't care about the order, to prevent unnecessary sorting.
                args = node._argset
            else:
                args = node.args
            if keys:
                if keys != True:
                    args = ordered(args, keys, default=False)
                else:
                    args = ordered(args)
            for arg in args:
                yield from self._preorder_traversal(arg, keys)
        elif iterable(node):
            for item in node:
                yield from self._preorder_traversal(item, keys)

    def skip(self):
        """
        Skip yielding current node's (last yielded node's) subtrees.

        Examples
        ========

        >>> from sympy import preorder_traversal, symbols
        >>> x, y, z = symbols('x y z')
        >>> pt = preorder_traversal((x + y*z)*z)
        >>> for i in pt:
        ...     print(i)
        ...     if i == x + y*z:
        ...             pt.skip()
        z*(x + y*z)
        z
        x + y*z
        """
        self._skip_flag = True

    def __next__(self):
        return next(self._pt)

    def __iter__(self):
        return self


def use(expr, func, level=0, args=(), kwargs={}):
    """
    Use ``func`` to transform ``expr`` at the given level.

    Examples
    ========

    >>> from sympy import use, expand
    >>> from sympy.abc import x, y

    >>> f = (x + y)**2*x + 1

    >>> use(f, expand, level=2)
    x*(x**2 + 2*x*y + y**2) + 1
    >>> expand(f)
    x**3 + 2*x**2*y + x*y**2 + 1

    """
    def _use(expr, level):
        if not level:
            return func(expr, *args, **kwargs)
        else:
            if expr.is_Atom:
                return expr
            else:
                level -= 1
                _args = [_use(arg, level) for arg in expr.args]
                return expr.__class__(*_args)

    return _use(sympify(expr), level)


def walk(e, *target):
    """Iterate through the args that are the given types (target) and
    return a list of the args that were traversed; arguments
    that are not of the specified types are not traversed.

    Examples
    ========

    >>> from sympy.core.traversal import walk
    >>> from sympy import Min, Max
    >>> from sympy.abc import x, y, z
    >>> list(walk(Min(x, Max(y, Min(1, z))), Min))
    [Min(x, Max(y, Min(1, z)))]
    >>> list(walk(Min(x, Max(y, Min(1, z))), Min, Max))
    [Min(x, Max(y, Min(1, z))), Max(y, Min(1, z)), Min(1, z)]

    See Also
    ========

    bottom_up
    """
    if isinstance(e, target):
        yield e
        for i in e.args:
            yield from walk(i, *target)


def bottom_up(rv, F, atoms=False, nonbasic=False):
    """Apply ``F`` to all expressions in an expression tree from the
    bottom up. If ``atoms`` is True, apply ``F`` even if there are no args;
    if ``nonbasic`` is True, try to apply ``F`` to non-Basic objects.
    """
    args = getattr(rv, 'args', None)
    if args is not None:
        if args:
            args = tuple([bottom_up(a, F, atoms, nonbasic) for a in args])
            if args != rv.args:
                rv = rv.func(*args)
            rv = F(rv)
        elif atoms:
            rv = F(rv)
    else:
        if nonbasic:
            try:
                rv = F(rv)
            except TypeError:
                pass

    return rv


def postorder_traversal(node, keys=None):
    """
    Do a postorder traversal of a tree.

    This generator recursively yields nodes that it has visited in a postorder
    fashion. That is, it descends through the tree depth-first to yield all of
    a node's children's postorder traversal before yielding the node itself.

    Parameters
    ==========

    node : SymPy expression
        The expression to traverse.
    keys : (default None) sort key(s)
        The key(s) used to sort args of Basic objects. When None, args of Basic
        objects are processed in arbitrary order. If key is defined, it will
        be passed along to ordered() as the only key(s) to use to sort the
        arguments; if ``key`` is simply True then the default keys of
        ``ordered`` will be used (node count and default_sort_key).

    Yields
    ======
    subtree : SymPy expression
        All of the subtrees in the tree.

    Examples
    ========

    >>> from sympy import postorder_traversal
    >>> from sympy.abc import w, x, y, z

    The nodes are returned in the order that they are encountered unless key
    is given; simply passing key=True will guarantee that the traversal is
    unique.

    >>> list(postorder_traversal(w + (x + y)*z)) # doctest: +SKIP
    [z, y, x, x + y, z*(x + y), w, w + z*(x + y)]
    >>> list(postorder_traversal(w + (x + y)*z, keys=True))
    [w, z, x, y, x + y, z*(x + y), w + z*(x + y)]


    """
    if isinstance(node, Basic):
        args = node.args
        if keys:
            if keys != True:
                args = ordered(args, keys, default=False)
            else:
                args = ordered(args)
        for arg in args:
            yield from postorder_traversal(arg, keys)
    elif iterable(node):
        for item in node:
            yield from postorder_traversal(item, keys)
    yield node
