Type: Package
Title: Forensic Glass Transfer Probabilities
Version: 1.3
Date: 2020-07-14
Author: James Curran and TingYu Huang
Maintainer: James Curran <j.curran@auckland.ac.nz>
Description: Statistical interpretation of forensic glass transfer (Simulation of the probability distribution of recovered glass fragments).
License: GPL-2
LazyLoad: yes
Encoding: UTF-8
RoxygenNote: 7.1.1
NeedsCompilation: no
Packaged: 2020-07-13 21:44:11 UTC; jcur002
Repository: CRAN
Date/Publication: 2020-07-15 09:40:02 UTC

Extract Transfer and Persistence Parameters I

Description

Displays input parameters and arguments passed to transfer.

Usage

getParams(tferObj)

Arguments

tferObj

An object of class transfer

Details

getParams is one of the two accessor functions for a transfer object.

Value

getParams returns a list of input parameters and their corresponding values.

Author(s)

TingYu Huang

See Also

transfer

Examples


library(tfer)

y = transfer()

getParams(y)

Extract Transfer Values n getValues is a accessor function which returns the number of recovered glass fragments generated by transfer.

Description

Extract Transfer Values n getValues is a accessor function which returns the number of recovered glass fragments generated by transfer.

Usage

getValues(tferObj)

Arguments

tferObj

An object of class tfer

Value

values returns a numeric vector of random variates.

Author(s)

TingYu Huang and James Curran

See Also

transfer

Examples


library(tfer)
y = transfer()
getValues(y)

plot method for objects of transfer class

Description

plot method for objects of transfer class

Usage

## S3 method for class 'tfer'
plot(
  x,
  ptype = c("density", "freq", "hist"),
  xlab = "n",
  main = "",
  col = "red",
  ...
)

Arguments

x

an object of class transfer

ptype

one of "density", "freq", or "hist". "density" will give a barplot with probability on the y-axis, "frequency" will give a barplot with frequencies (counts) on the y-axis, and "hist" will produce a historgram with frequency (counts) on the y-axis. One-letter versions will also work, i.e. "d", "f" and "h". The original 0, 1, 2 will also work, but this usage is deprecated and will produce a warning.

xlab

the x-axis label, by default "n"

main

the plot title, empty by default

col

the colour of the bars in the plot, by default "red"

...

any other arguments to be passed to barplot or histogram

print method for transfer objects

Description

Prints a summary of the simulation input parameters

Usage

## S3 method for class 'transfer'
print(x, ...)

Arguments

x

an object of class transfer

...

included for consistency but not used

summary method for transfer objects

Description

Prints a summary of the simulation input parameters

Usage

## S3 method for class 'transfer'
summary(object, ...)

Arguments

object

an object of class transfer

...

extra arguments passed to summary.default

Value

A list with three elements is returned invisibly:

parameters

list containing all the simulation parameters

values

a numeric vector of the simulated values

probability

a named numeric vector giving the probability of recovering 0, 1, 2, ... fragments

Return a table of T probabilities for all observed values

Description

Return a table of T probabilities for all observed values

Usage

tprob(tferObj, x)

Arguments

tferObj

an object of class transfer

x

an optional set of values which specify the desired T-terms. E.g. x = c(0,1,2) would return T0, T1, and T2 and so on. Negative values of x will cause the function to stop. Values of x which exceed those observed will be assigned a value of zero. The return values will be returned in ascending order regardless of the order of x (although I suppose I could preserve the order if someone really cares).

Value

A table of T probabilities, giving the probability that x fragments were recovered given they were transferred and persisted according to the other inputs of the model.

Examples

set.seed(123)
y = transfer()

tprob(y)
tprob(y, 55:120) ## max observed value is 113

Glass Transfer, Persistence and Recovery Probabilities

Description

Construct a transfer object to simulate the number of glass fragments recovered given the conditions set by the user.

Usage

transfer(
  N = 10000,
  d = 0.5,
  deffect = TRUE,
  lambda = 120,
  Q = 0.05,
  l0 = 0.8,
  u0 = 0.9,
  lstar0 = 0.1,
  ustar0 = 0.15,
  lj = 0.45,
  uj = 0.7,
  lstarj = 0.05,
  ustarj = 0.1,
  lR = 0.5,
  uR = 0.7,
  lt = 1,
  ut = 2,
  r = 0.5,
  timeDist = c("negbin", "cnegbin", "uniform"),
  loop = FALSE
)

Arguments

N

Simulation size

d

The breaker's distance from the window

deffect

Distance effect. deffect = TRUE when distance effect exists. Otherwise deffect = FALSE.

lambda

The average number of glass fragments transferred to the breaker's clothing.

Q

Proportion of high persistence fragments.

l0

Lower bound on the percentage of fragments lost in the first hour

u0

Upper bound on the percentage of fragments lost in the first hour

lstar0

Lower bound on the percentage of high persistence fragments lost in the first hour

ustar0

Upper bound on the percentage of high persistence fragments lost in the first hour

lj

Lower bound on the percentage of fragments lost in the j'th hour

uj

Upper bound on the percentage of fragments lost in the j'th hour

lstarj

Lower bound on the percentage of high persistence fragments lost in the j'th hour

ustarj

Upper bound on the percentage of high persistence fragments lost in the j'th hour

lR

Lower bound on the percentage of fragments expected to be detected in the lab

uR

Upper bound on the percentage of fragments expected to be detected in the lab

lt

Lower bound on time between commission of crime and apprehension of suspect

ut

Upper bound on time between commission of crime and apprehension of suspect

r

Probability r in ti ~ NegBinom(t, r)

timeDist

the distribution for the random amount of time between the commission of the crime and the apprehension of the suspect. There are three choices "negbin", "cnegbin", and "uniform". Before talking about these it should be noted that if lt is equal to ut - then there is no randomness in this calculation. If lt does not equal ut, then the average of these two values is used in the two negative binomial options: "negbin" and "cnegbin". The difference betweeen them is that "cnegbin" is a constrained negative binomial where the allowable times are constrained to be between lt and ut. If "uniform" is selected, then a uniformly distributed random time between lt and ut is used in each iteration.

loop

if TRUE an element by element version of the simulation is used, if FALSE then a (mostly) vectorised element version of the simulation is used. The results from the two methods appear to be almost identical - they won't be the same even with the same seed because of the way the random variates are generated. I (James) believe the vectorised version is faster and better. There was also a small mistake which has been corrected in that the initial set of persistent fragments was not being

Value

a list containing:

results

The simulated values of recovered glass fragments

paramList

Input parameters

The returned object has S3 class types tfer and transfer for backwards compatibility

Author(s)

James Curran and TingYu Huang

References

Curran, J. M., Hicks, T. N. & Buckleton, J. S. (2000). Forensic interpretation of glass evidence. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Curran, J. M., Triggs, C. M., Buckleton, J. S., Walsh, K. A. J. & Hicks T. N. (January, 1998). Assessing transfer probabilities in a Bayesian interpretation of forensic glass evidence. Science & Justice, 38(1), 15-21.

Examples


library(tfer)

## create a transfer object using default arguments
y = transfer()

## probability table
probs = tprob(y)

## extract the probabilities of recovering 8 to 15
## glass fragments given the user-specified arguments
tprob(y, 8:15)

## produce a summary table for a transfer object
summary(y)

## barplot of probabilities (default)
plot(y)
plot(y)

## barplot of transfer frequencies
plot(y, ptype = "f")

## histogram
plot(y, ptype = "h")